Investigating the properties of decrystallized wood may afford a satisfactory method for clarifying the relationship between the fine structure of wood and its physical and mechanical properties. Wood was decrystallized using dimethylsulfoxide-chloral hydrate, a non-aqueous solvent mixture. Crystallinity, hygroscopicity, and elasticity of the decrystallized wood were studied. Changes in the dimensions and the weight and density due to decrystallization were fairly small. Decreases of the degree of crystallinity and of the dynamic modulus of elasticity were observed with increased treatment time, while at the same time an increase of the equilibrium moisture content was observed. Recrystallization of the decrystallized wood resulted from soaking or boiling. (Author abstract, modified.)