47804
Accession Number
32235
Author
Christoffersen, Roy;Lindsay, John F.;Noble, Sarah K.;Meador, Mary Ann;Kosmo, Joseph J.;Lawrence, J. Anneliese;Brostoff, Lynn;Young, Amanda;McCue, Terry
Author Affiliation
SAIC, Johnson Space Center;Lunar and Planetary Institute;NASA Headquarters;Glenn Research Center;Johnson Space Center;Marshall University;Smithsonian Institution, Museum Conservation Institute : Library of Congress;Smithsonian Institution, National Air an
Title Of Journal Book
Lunar Dust Effects on Spacesuit Systems: Insights from the Apollo Spacesuits
Collation
54 p. : ills.
Reference Bibliography
Includes bibliographic references
Language Of Text
English
Literature Type
Monograph
Literature Level
Monographic
Abstract
Systems and components of selected Apollo A7L/A7LB flight-article spacesuits that were worn on the lunar surface have been studied to determine the degree to which they suffered contamination, abrasion, and wear or loss of function due to effects from lunar soil particles. Filter materials from the lithium hydroxide canisters from the Apollo Command Module were also studied to determine the amount and type of any lunar dust particles they may have captured from the spacecraft atmosphere. Specific spacesuit study materials include the outermost sort fabric layers on Apollo 12 and 17 integrated thermal micrometeorite garment assemblies and outermost fabrics on Apollo 17 extravehicular pressure gloves. In addition, the degree of surface wear in the sealed wrist rotation bearing from Apollo 16 extravehicular and intravehicular pressure gloves was evaluated and compared. Scanning electron microscope examination of the Apollo 12 T -164 woven Teflon fabric confirms the presence of lunar soil particles and the ability of these particles to cause separation and fraying of the Teflon fibers. Optical imaging, chemical analysis, and particle sampling that were applied to the outer fabric of the Apollo 17 spacesuit has identified Ti as a potentially useful chemical marker for comparing the amount of lunar soil retained on different areas of the spacesuit outer fabric. High-yield particle sampling from the Apollo 17 fabric surfaces using adhesive tape found that 80% of the particles on the fabric are lunar soil particles averaging 10.5 [mu]m in diameter, with the rest being intrinsic fabric materials or environmental contaminants. Analysis of the mineralogical composition of the lunar particles found that on a grain-count basis, the particle population is dominated by plagioclase feldspar and various types of glassy particles derived mostly from soil agglutinates, with a subordinate amount of pyroxene. On a grain-size basis, however, pyroxene grains are generally a factor of two larger than glass and plagioclase, so conversion of the data 10 a modal (volume %) basis results in pyroxene becoming the modally dominant particle type with glass and plagioclase being significantly less abundant. When comparisons are made to the modal composition of lunar soil at the Apollo 17 landing site, the results suggest that pyroxene particles have overall better retention on the spacesuit outer fabric compared to plagioclase and especially glass. Scanning electron microscopy revealed no measureable difference in the amount of wear and abrasion in the wrist rotation bearing of an Apollo 16 pressure glove that was worn only in the spacecraft and one that was worn only for extravehicular activity on the lunar surface. The results suggest either that the bearing prevented entry of lunar dust or that the dust was not sufficiently abrasive to damage the bearing, or both.
Keywords
spacesuite;dust;effect
pub_id
47804