The Lotus Sutra scroll, handwritten in Chinese ink on paper, was unearthed from the sutra mound at Hanase Bessho, Kyoto, fifty years ago. Some of them were unrolled, but others were not because of their crusted surfaces. Unrolled scrolls tended to become loose and to soften with handling; it was necessary to strengthen the softened and loosened paper before backing with Japanese paper in the traditional way of restoration. In a preliminary test P.V. A. was found to be much more effective to give both higher bursting strength and folding resistance than acrylic resin. The conservation treatment of the scrolls was carried out by peeling carefully the paper layers of the scrolls and strengthening by impregnating each layer with a P.V.A. solution. The fiber of the paper was identified to be very similar to TAIMA (hemp), which suggests the material used for making scrolls at the late Heian age.