The technical accomplishments of the Athenians during the Periclean Age were noteworthy in the areas of mining, concentration of ore, smelting, and the development of new hydraulic cements for containing water. Andreas Cordellas in 1864 mapped out the slag heaps with estimates of total areals of slag; this work has been useful in identifying sites of intensive mining exploitation, and seaside sites that were metallurgical centers in the fourth century BC. By inference, it is possible to determine where there were surviving forests at that time. The current research has investigated the smelting practices based upon field evidence: furnace remains, and ore and slag analyses. The slag indicates that fluxes were not used; a solution to the viscosity problem is described. -- AATA