Discusses the mining and preparation of Cypriot massive sulfide ores by ancient technology preliminary to copper smelting: the details of the smelting have been interpreted from slag and field studies. Field evidence garnered from the study of ancient mining sites supports the fact that copper sulfide ores from secondary enrichment zones were mined on Cyprus along with silver-gold-rich oxidized ores. The contradiction of data between current metallurgical concepts and field observations is examined. The extant archaeological field evidence is used to interpret numerous writings on Cypriot metal technologies, including writers dating from antiquity through the current century. -- AATA