Consolidation of the painting layers is an international difficult problem of the study in conservation of polychrome pottery, the systemic, scientific and broad study on stability of reinforcing agent can avoid blindness and one-sidedness when chosing material. The paper presents the research state of consolidation of the painting layers of ancient polychrome pottery arts, compares and evaluates the common material used in consolidation during conservation and restoration, introduces the recent development in the research fields.