The excavation of No.1 Han tomb· at Mawangdui, Changsha, witnessed the actual start of scientific and technological archaeology and conservation of Chinese ancient textiles. From then on, the scientific examining method on textiles remained fundamentally unchanged, but great development has been achieved on dimension and accuracy, while testing on dyestuff and fibers will be the research focus in the future, and the research core of the history of textile technology will be shifted conservation and to treatment, on - field protection which is un repeatable shall be based mainly on experiential summarizations, while repetitive stabilization and restoration shall be standardized. In order to fulfill these goals, cooperation between universities and museums must be carried out to train qualified human talents.