The literature and patents relating to the problem are reviewed. Advantages and disadvantages of the Barrow system using calcium and barium hydroxides and magnesium bicarbonate are discussed. The main problem is to find a quick and inexpensive non-aqueous deacidifying agent that can be used on books. Preliminary results of experiments made by the author using magnesium acetate in ethyl alcohol, and with magnesium methoxide in methyl alcohol to precipitate magnesium hydroxide in the paper fiber are reported. Many new experiments and pilot plant operations are planned.