In recent years, conservation training in the United States has evolved from in formal apprenticeship to study under University auspices at the post-baccalaureate level. Five such formal conservation programs are currently in operation. The origin of these programs is traced to the establishment of the Conservation Department of the Fogg Art Museum in 1928. Though significant differences in curriculum, philosophy, and purpose exist among these programs, each requires a controlled internship under the direction of a master conservator. The history of university training in conservation is outlined with emphasis on the philosophy and goals of the New York University, Conservation Center Program. A summary of the five training programs in the United States is included as an Appendix.