The archaeologist who uses mules obtains a practical advantage over the one who relies on motorized transport in many situations, and over on-foot surveyors in open or brushy country almost without exception. We have noted that a century and a half ago, nearly all archaeological projects depended to a greater or lesser extent on mule-power, yet that almost nobody today considers the mule essential equipment. Unfortunately, as fewer and fewer archaeologists today come to have any rural background, we predict that mule use in archaeology will become even more of a novelty, at least in this country. We are confident, on the other hand, that in many parts of the world where motor vehicles have not yet made inroads as profound as in North America, archaeologists and mules will enjoy productive associations for many years to come.