In order to certify the authenticity of a pectoral cross from the National History Museum of Chisinau, the object was compared with three similar pieces of Russian type, belonging to the Moldavian History Museum in Iasi. There are some uncertainties regarding the authenticity of the object due to its less traditional iconographic representations. The surface aspect of the four pieces was studied by optical microscopy. Quantitative composition analysis was carried out by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and the structure was revealed by a metallographic study, performed without sampling because of the uniqueness of the pieces. The alloy of the piece under study is a hard bronze, with high tin percentage, a few percent of lead and, unlike the other three pieces, it contains zinc. The two valves, of a similar composition in major and minor elements, can be considered as belonging to the same piece despite the differences in the microscopic appearance concerning oxidation end molding deficiencies. The study brings forward arguments sustaining the hypothesis that the piece had been manufactured in a later time period or in a different geographic area than the three others, but does not sustain the idea of its being a modern fake.