Factors contributing to the degradation of wallpaper (using the Martin Van Buren National Historic Site in Kinderhook, NY, as an example) are cited. There are factors related to the structure of the building, and the internal and external environment, as well as factors inherent to the papers and binders, and factors caused by man. Discussed are examination techniques, treatment approaches, and recommendations for post-treatment maintenance, being especiaily aware of humidity levels. -- AATA