The Ghent Treaty box is a small document box that was made in 1814 to carry the treaty that ended the War of 1812 between Britain and America. The wooden box is covered with leather and decorated with brass nails. Many of the original materials had become badly damaged and required conservation treatment in 1973. This early treatment had many positive results, but has subsequently contributed to the continuing physical and aesthetic problems associated with the box. The Ghent Treaty box was recently conserved at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation to stabilize the materials and improve its appearance in preparation for display at the Octagon. This paper outlines the history of the box, the effects of the previous treatment and details the materials and techniques used at Colonial Williamsburg to re-treat the Ghent Treaty box.