Three fragments of charcoal taken from different parts of the lowermost bed containing Aurignacian artifacts at El Castillo Cave yielded accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dates of 37,700 (±1, 800) BP, 38,500 (±1,800) BP, and 40,000 (±2,100) BP (average 38, 700±1,900 BP). These dates are almost identical to new AMS dates from l'Arbreda Cave in Catalonia on the same cultural horizon (average 38,500±1,000 BP) and are significantly older than the earliest dates for Aurignacian industries in the Aquitaine and in other parts of Central and Western Europe.