The project designed to build an analysis laboratory at the Textiles Department of the Museo Histórico Nacional arose from the need to provide scientific support to our conservation and restoration work. This requires direct experimentation with the quality of the conservation materials available in the country, as well as evaluation of the treatments to be applied in restoration, depending on the results of different analyses. Such knowledge will be used in the preventive textiles conservation work being performed at the Textiles Department of the Museo Histórico Nacional, thus providing conservation practices with a scientific basis.