The proper care, handling, and storage of a collection and the duplication of a collection should be viewed as two interactive preservation tools. A duplication program must be designed carefully. There are two basic methods of duplication, optical and contact printing, and two processes used for duplication, interpositive/duplicate negative and direct duplication. A series of questions must be addressed in order to determine the duplication needs of a particular collection. The needs of a collection and of an institution can be correlated to appropriate methods of duplication using a collection checklist given in the paper. Two examples of the way the checklist leads to design of an appropriate duplication program are provided.