A brass statue made by Henry Moore in 1952-1953 was investigated by means of x-ray radiography, x-ray fluorescence, and x-ray diffraction as a preparatory step of restoration. The statue, <i>King and Queen</i>, in the possession of the Museum of Art (MOA) at Atami, Shizuoka prefecture, located about one hour from Tokyo by the Shinkansen. The statue was set in a garden of the museum in 1981. In recent years, pin holes from which rusty water leaks were observed on the surface of the statue. In order to establish its restoration program, the inside structure was investigated. X-ray radiography using a condition of 300 kV, 5 mA and 10 minutes clarified the structure. Analyses of the residue of rusty water using x-ray diffraction and x-ray fluorescence defined inner core material. The results revealed that the inner cores made of clay and plaster within the two bodies of the statue had not been removed after casting. So the cores absorb invading water when it rains, and high humidity is kept for a long time within the bodies due to the moist cores. The authors propose to shelter the statue and to rake out the cores.