The purpose of the article is to investigate the effect of lithotrophic and organotrophic bacteria on limestone degradation, treated with polyvinyl acetate compositions modified with silicon organic compositions. Methods have been elaborated for estimating the extent of biodeterioration of limestone and polymer compositions. Comparative studies of the kinetics of corrosion processes initiated by various groups of bacteria made it possible to determine the intensity and mechanism of microbiological degradation of the materials under investigation.