The authors describe two research projects carried out at the SIMS laboratory of the Chalmers University of Technology: archaeoodontology and dating, and provenance studies by lead isotopic measurements in metallurgy. A quantitative secondary ion mass spectrometry technique has been applied to archaeological tooth material from burial sites in Greece, Israel, and on Cyprus, dating from 10,000 BC to Byzantine times. Of the 15 analyzed elements, fluorine shows a strong potential for archaeological dating by studying its diffusion profiling. The second research project is represented by a study of lead isotopes in silver beads excavated at Tatham Mound in Citrus County, Florida. Early 16th-century Spanish-Indian contacts, but also other earlier contacts were discussed. -- AATA