The aim of the present study was to determine the condition of waterlogged archaeological leather by a series of simple visual and physical examinations testing the flexibility, strength and coherency of the fibers, and then correlate these assessments with the condition of leather as determined by various chemical and physical analyses. Fifteen waterlogged archaeological leather samples from Great Britain and Greece were examined under the Scanning Electron Microscope and analyzed. The methods of analyses were measurement of the acidity (pH), measurement of the Shrinkage Temperature (Ts), and amino acid analysis of collagen by means of High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Finally the results were statistically elaborated by using Logistic Regression, Principal Components and Discriminant Analysis. ln conclusion, this study has revealed the problems associated with the analysis of waterlogged archaeological leather and has shown that the analytical approach needs to be refined and many more samples should be examined to facilitate statistical analysis.