34382
Accession Number
20719
Author
Terwen, P.A.; Crèvecoeur, R.
Title Of Article Chaper
De glasvensters van het St. Anna-Kapelletje
Title Of Journal Book
De Leidse Hofjes
Volume
14
Issue
12
Pages
18-42
Language Of Text
Dutch
Literature Type
Serial
Literature Level
Analytic
Abstract
This article is a synthesis of art history, execution, deterioration, and restoration of paintings on glass. The available data from the said disciplines are combined, interpreted, and used to deduct the age of the paintings, to explain the causes of their corrosion, and to devise a plan for their restoration, which the authors themselves have carried out. This is illustrated by before and after photographs. The paintings comprise scenes from the Apochrypha, (referring to the life at St. Anne) and shields with heraldry of them. They must have been executed in the 17th century, although earlier authors tend to assign them to 16th century masters. The glass characteristics and lead pattern corroborate this 17th-century origin, evidential aspects which obviously were overlooked by former investigators. The dirt accumulated through the ages on both sides of the stained glass windows was examined and showed the following compositions: outside -- iron salts, plumbo-jarosite (PbFe<sub>6</sub>(SO)<sub>4</sub>.(OH)<sub>12</sub>), calcium sulfate, calcium carbonate, soot and organic matter; inside -- calcium sulphate and magnetite. The rust stains on the glass caused by the dirt were removed with a paste containing 35g Attapulgite clay, 5-10g sodium salt of ethylene-diamine-tetra acetic acid, 15g ammonium carbonate, 15g 30% ammonia, four drops surfactant (Arkopal N 100) and 100ml demineralized water. The above mentioned cleaning procedure lasted from 10 minutes to one day. Retouching, when needed, was carried out with grisaille and contour glass paint powder mixed with polyvinylacetate -- a binder which guarantees the reversibility of retouching. The iron elements of the windows were given anti-rust treatment. The stained windows were, with a view to corrosion prevention and protection against breakage, provided with panes of hardened glass and ventilation channels. -- AATA
Keywords
stained glass, hardened glass, art history, glass painting, deterioration, restoration, Apochypha, 17th century, the Netherlands, iron, salts, calcium sulphate, calcium carbonate, plumbojarosite, soot, Attapulgite, oxalic acid, Arkopal N 100, sodium salt of ethylene diamine, tetra acetic acid, ammonium carbonate, ammonia, polyvinylacetate AATA
pub_id
34382
Title Translation
The stained glass windows of the St. Anna Court Chapel in Leiden, Netherlands