Huashan rock paintings represent the most important materials for studying the social history and culture of ancient Baiyue people in China. Analysis of the binding media is crucial to understanding the painting process, pigment exfoliation, pigment fading and the eventual treatment of deterioration of the Huanshan rock paintings. Microscope, infrared and micro - Raman spectroscopy and gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC - MS) were employed to analyze the binding media used in Huashan rock painting. The analysis showed the binding media of pigment was vegetal material. Pigment samples contained calcium oxalate, which indicates the usage of binding media came from plant resources.