Discusses the best qualitative components of detergents for cellulose (excluding jute), and animal fibers. Considers the following points: 1) what is dirt; 2) what are good components of a water-based washing solution, examining the properties of surfactants in water, with a comparison of commercial versus conservation points of view; and 3) how does one choose the appropriate concentrations of these components. A table compares five types of surfactants as to wetting power, emulsifying power, and solubilization power. The role of builders or sequestrants is also studied.