32507
Author
Tinkham, Rebecca; Kerr, Nancy
Editor
Merritt, Jane L.; Whelan, Virginia J.
Author Affiliation
; University of Alberta
Title Of Article Chaper
Effectiveness of Soil Removal by Two New Nonionic Surfactants, Orvus WA Paste, and Surfactant Blends
Title Of Journal Book
The Textile Specialty Group Postprints: Paper Delivered at the Textile Subgroup Session, Volume 11
Volume
11
Pages
47-57
Collation
11 p. : ills.
Reference Bibliography
Includes bibliographic references
Publisher
American Institute for Conservation. Textile Specialty Group
Publisher City
Washington, DC
Language Of Text
English
Language Of Summary
English; Spanish
Literature Type
Monograph:Proceedings
Literature Level
Analytic
Meeting
American Institute for Conservation, 29th Annual Meeting
Meeting City
Dallas, Texas
Meeting Country
United States
Abstract
Synperonic N, a widely-used nonionic surfactant, was phased out in Europe by 2000 because, as a nonylphenol ethoxylate, some of its breakdown products were toxic to fish. In searching for a replacement, two nonionics, Synperonic A7 and Triton XL-80N, were evaluated for their ability to remove soil from cotton, nylon and polyester fabrics. They were also tested in blends with the anionic surfactant Orvus WA Paste. Five replicate specimens of each fabric were washed in solutions with a detergent concentration equal to its critical micelle concentration (cmc). Pre-soiled fabrics were washed individually in canisters of a Launder-O-meter for 10 minutes at 35[degrees] C, with agitation provided by the movement of water in the cans as they rotated. Soil removal was determined from the total color change ([delta]E) in the sample. Orvus WA Paste was most effective in removing soil from each type of fabric, although blends of Orvus WA and a nonionic surfactant were also effective. Synperonic A7 and Triton XL-80N were not considered effective unless used at a concentration equal to four times the cmc. Further research on these and other nonionics is recommended before a replacement for Synperonic N is selected.
Keywords
effective; soil; removal; nonionic; surfactant; orvus; paste; blend
pub_id
32507
Meeting Date
20010500-20010600