29518
Accession Number
20724
Title Of Journal Book
Appendix A: The Manufacture of Faience
Collation
113 p.
Reference Bibliography
Includes bibliographical references
Language Of Text
English
Literature Type
Unpublished
Literature Level
Monographic
Abstract
A survey of 700 Egyptian faience samples from Predynastic to early Roman times was undertaken to characterize the diversity of manufacturing techniques and the chronological sequence of technological development. Three types of glazing technology are described: application of a fine particled slurry which forms a glaze during firing, glazing by firing and melting of efflorescent salts which accumulated during drying and cementation and slow roasting of the faience body material in a glazing powder. Laboratory replications of these methods and a few fragments from the original objects were studied under binocular microscope and were analyzed by electron microprobe, SEM with simultaneous energy dispersive x-ray analysis, and x-ray diffraction. Definitions of the types of ceramic materials used by Egyptians during the time periods mentioned are presented followed by a discussion of the problem of differentiating glazed stones (often steatite and other soft stones) from faience. Finally the diversity and chronological development of manufacturing techniques are discussed. This is a final draft copy of Appendix A that is published in the 1983 monograph: Ancient Egyptian Faience by A. Kaczmarczyk and R.E.M. Hedges.
Keywords
Egypt;faience;glaze;x-ray;SEM
pub_id
29518