When only insect damage is present in museum, library or archival artifacts, freezing is increasingly being considered as a viable alternative disinfection method. It is, however, essential that it be effective. This article covers literature findings on all aspects of the insect during freezing. The effects of freezing on a range of organic materials likely to be found in artifacts are considered. Actual experience in museums is reported, covering herbarium specimens, books and mammal collections. 74 bibliographical references are preceded by a reprint of information on clothes moths and carpet beetles published by the British Columbia Provincial Museum. Recommendations on procedures to be followed when freezing for disinfestation are given.