Discusses the examination and partial treatment of a 16th-century spruce and cherry wood polychromed Madonna and Child. The structure was fairly sound, although the paint was in poor condition (due, in part, to an inexpertly executed prior cleaning). The piece was treated for worm infestation, the surface was washed with Lisapol solution and then consolidated with PVA emulsion, a waxy layer was mechanically removed from it, and small areas of ex posed gesso were inpainted. The pigments were analyzed by x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, optical microscopy, and microchemical tests (the results are presented in appendices), and the entire piece was x-rayed.