The green ground layer in an Eastern Han Dynasty tomb mural painting at Haotan, Dingbian was analyzed. Polarized light microscopy (PLM), Raman spectroscopy (RS), X - ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy - energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM - EDS) were used to analyzed the chemical and chase composition of the green layer. The results were compared with data of four European green earth samples. It was concluded that the green layer is green earth. However, further research is needed to provide more scientific information for archaeological and future conservation studies.