This project aims primarily to optimize analytical methods that provide new light on the cam changes experienced by the paints used contemporaneously based synthetic binders as in emulsion type when subjected to cleaning treatments with different chemical systems: water, organic solvents, gels and emulsions. This project has been divided into three sub-projects: Development of new methods of control treatments pictorial work cleaning by mechanical tests. SEM, AFM, Py-GC-MS, HPLC-exclusion, FTIR spectroscopy and UV-Vis . Development of new methods of control and evaluation of cleaning treatments pictorial work through solid state electrochemical, FTIR microspectroscopy, HPLC-MS and electrophoresis techniques and Control of biodeterioration and evaluation of cleaning treatments using molecular techniques pictorial works, bioanalytical and ESEM developed, respectively, at the University Institute of Heritage Restoration at the Polytechnic University of Valencia. Analytical Chemistry Department of the University of Valencia and the Departments of Painting and Microbiology at the University of Granada. This monograph summarizes some of the results obtained during the last two years of the project. Although the results presented correspond to the sub main mind I have included some chapters corresponding to joint activities developed in the sub 1 and 2 and as 1 and 3. The research developed process is characterized by simultaneously the results obtained from chemical analysis, the exam on micromorphological and mechanical testing performed on the paintings under study. We used advanced instrumental techniques such as Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), the pyrolysis-silylation-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (Py-Sy-GC-MS), voltammetry of microparticles (VMP) or combined mechanical tests with optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron (SEM), along with other more conventional MO, SEM, UV-visible spectrophotometry, FTIR spectroscopy and mechanical testing. The combination of this large number of techniques (multi-technique approximation) has yielded interesting results that have advanced in the knowledge that so far had of cleaning treatments artistic in emulsion paints.