Raman microscopy (RM), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) were applied to analyze four green pigments collected from different places. The studies indicated that the four samples all contained both Cu and As and as cornwallite [Cu5(AsO4)2(OH)4], lavendulan [NaCaCu5(AsO4)4Cl[dot]5H2O] and emerald green [Cu(CH3COO)2[dot]3Cu(AsO1)2]. In China, emerald green was once widely used in bronze repairs and for coloring buildings. A green pigment containing the elements Cu and As was once generally considered to be emerald green, but the identification of cornwallite and lavendulan in ancient artifacts suggests new possibilities.