Alternative methods of analysis of masonry structures for seismic actions are assessed on the basis of their ability to predict the degree and location of the damage observed in a two-storey masonry building during the 1986 Kalamata earthquake. The methods of analysis are: a) The simple approximate method of piers. b) Analysis of a 3-Dimensional Frame, modeling the individual walls as plane frames with squat prismatic members which model the parts of the walls between openings, (piers, lintels, etc.). c) A Finite Element Analysis, using a large number of F.E. which are a combination of plane-stress and thick plate bending elements, to model the walls. Then the F.E.M. which comes out as the only reliable and accurate among the three, is used to study the effectiveness of various measurements of local strengthening of the masonry structure. Horizontal reinforced concrete belts replacement of the wooden floor by a reinforces concrete slab and vertical and horizontal concrete belts. Horizontal belts come out as the most effective among the three techniques in reducing the wall stresses at the location where earthquake damage was concentrated.