On the base of literature and of their own experience the authors analyse causes and character of damage of the Near East of monuments of ancient writings - clay cuneiform plates as well as methods of their conservation. This damage is due mostly by effects of hydroscopic watersoluble salts, whose content in bulk of such plates can exceed 6 per cents. In order to restore damaged plates some methods are recommended. The authors suggest to use for this aim solutions of polybutylmethacrylate (of low viscosity) in aceton or toluene. After application of protective films of polymer on the surface of clay plates it would be possible to remove catersoluble salts by repeated application of paper pulp. The most effective method to stabilize comparatively well preserved plates is reburning under gradual raising the temperature up to 700-800°C and slow cooling with following removing salts with changed or running water.