The article details the problems of safety that museums and photographic archives face in the handling and storage of cellulose nitrate film. The recommendations of the 1988 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standard for Storage and Handling of Cellulose Nitrate Motion Picture Film (NFPA 40) are summarized. The standard covers projection room requirements for handling of nitrate film and construction and arrangement requirements for buildings. The serious fire and health risks of nitrate film are described, and some general health and safety guidelines are given which are particularly relevant to archivists, conservators, and museum personnel.