The restoration of American Colonial landmarks has recently caught the attention of historians, architects, and the paint industry. Authentic reproduction has been their utmost concern, with much emphasis being placed on reproducing furnishings and ornaments. In order to obtain a completely realistic effect in a restoration effort, however, thought must be given to the reproduction of the painted surfaces. To achieve a true reproduction, the architect must rely on the paint manufacturer to supply material which accurately represents that used during the period. The paint industry must obtain information from historians concerning raw materials in use during the period in question. This knowledge is necessary for the craftsman to successfully produce the illusion of uninterrupted existence. This article attempts to bridge the gap between the historian and the craftsman by discussing the history of early American painting. The problems encountered in studying the history of paint making are outlined, and the purposes of early American painting are presented. A useful reference section and annotated bibliography are provided.