The article is written for the non-conservator curator who is charged with treating firearms and for conservators unfamiliar with firearm mechanisms. Cautions on types of weapons treated and chemicals used are given. A detailed procedure for the disassembly of flintlock and percussion longarms is presented. Metal and wood cleaning techniques are explained. The methods proposed are those of stabilization which will affect the original materials minimally. The importance of proper storage and exhibit environmental parameters to the long-term effectiveness of the treatment is stressed.