This paper provides a detailed discussion on the inscriptions, length, weight and manufacturing location of the Dutch-style cannons dated from the 4th year during the Tianqi Emperor’s reign (A.D. 1621-1627) of the Ming Dynasty, which is now displayed in Quanzhou Maritime Museum. The cannon is one of the earliest existing Duth-style cannons produced by the Chinese people. Analytical methods such as the metallographic microscope, Vario E1 element analysis system and ICP-AED were employed. The conclusion is that the cannon is made of gray cast iron and their slight rusting condition can be attributed to the quality of the metal and the conservation environment.