This Technical Brief describes objectives, organization, and methods that could be used for conducting peer reviews in public archaeology projects. Each of these elements is illustrated with examples drawn from peer reviews conducted by the Department of the Interior's Bepartmental Consulting Archaeologist between 1981 and 1990. The purpose of this Technical Brief is to provide guidance to government agencies and other archaeological resource management programs on use of the peer review process as one tool to improve the effectiveness of their activities. It may be an especially important tool to help resolve conflicts which may arise due to the need for interagency cooperation, the complexity of the archarological work, or professional disagreements. This Technical Brief demonstrates how peer reviews can address these typical problems and explains ways the process can be implemented.