A late-11th-century-BC iron axe has been studied metallographically. It shows a relatively low concentration of carbon in the metal core (0.2-0.3%C). A dispersed pearlite structure was seen, probably formed by forging at about 730°C. The regular distribution of the carbon suggests deliberate carburization by being left in a charcoal fire for an extended period. This technological achievement is paralleled elsewhere at the same period, all Tell Taanach, from which the authors have studied similar iron pieces. Micrographs of the metal structure are shown, including a scanning electron microscope (SEM) photo of the pearlite. -- AATA