Electron spin resonance (ESR) dating is based on the direct measurement of the amount of radiation-induced paramagnetic electrons trapped in crystal defects. These free electrons were generated by alpha-, beta-, and gamma-radiation of natural radio elements and have accumulated in the minerals over geologic time. The ESR age is calculated by dividing the total amount of accumulated radiation dose by the dose per year. This review has four major parts: the principles of the method, the determination of the archaeological dose, the determination of the annual dose, and a compilation of datable materials. For an application of this method, see <i>AATA</i> <b>Vol. 19, Abstract No. 786</b>, PARIS No. 79725. -- AATA