The use of modern instrumental methods in the field of restoration is today already relatively common practice, especially in those cases where the art object in question requires thorough complex physical and chemical investigation. In this article I have concentrated on the utilisation of the method of X-ray microanalysis in combination with electron scanning in the identification of pigments, metals and other anorgainc components of Bohemian Gothic panel painting in the second half of the 14th century, in this case paintings collectively ascribed to Master Theodoric and his workshop.