The discussion of the cleaning of the Sistine Chapel frescoes by Michelangelo is expanded by an in-depth consideration of the recently cleaned Doni <i>Tondo</i>. The most significant analogy between the two works is the exact correspondence of the chromatic timbre. The medium used in the <i>Tondo</i> is a tempera grassa (tempera with an oleoresinous component). An unfocused quality in the background scene was achieved by applying thin and liquid layers of color which contrasted sharply with the highly finished foreground. The hair of the Mother and Child was highlighted with fine brushstrokes of gold. Pigments were identified using x-ray fluorescence, and include almost every one known at the time.