The State Museum in Lucknow possesses a valuable collection of paper manuscripts, sculptures, textiles, stuffed animals and other artifacts. These objects are deteriorating due to the hygroscopic nature of organic materials, and the presence of dust and various fungi. To understand the correlation between the surface flora of deteriorated objects (paper, textiles and stuffed animals) and the aero fungal spora, experiments were conducted to isolate the fungi from the deteriorated objects by a non-destructive method. The main occurrences of fungi were <i>Aspergillus niger</i>, <i>A. sydowii</i>, <i>A. ustus</i>,<i>Chaetomium globosum</i>, <i>Emericella nidulans</i>, and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> on paper materials; <i>Alternaria alternate</i>, <i>Chaetomium globosum</i>, <i>Emericella nidulans</i> on textiles; and <i>Chrysosporium tropicum</i>, <i>Penicillium chrysogenum</i> on stuffed animals. SEM studies were also conducted on the deteriorated objects. Aero fungal spora were studied using the culture-plate method and by Tilak Roto rod sampler, inside and outside the museum building as well as inside showcases in the morning and evening. The average number of spores was higher in the evening outside, inside the museum building and inside the showcases. During the period of experimentation, the average number of visitors was 100 in the morning and 250 in the afternoon. To prevent fungal activity, botanical fumigation was carried out with air-dried neem leaves; neem leaves and eucalyptus; and neem leaves, eucalyptus and camphor. The average numbers of isolates were 15, 7, and 3 respectively and 30 from the control set (without fumigation).