In Mediterranean countries, pest infestation of easel paintings is a major ongoing concern and can be the cause of significant damage. Recent studies have shown that most infested works were lined using traditional glue-paste adhesives combining animal and flour glues. An entomological study at the “Centre Interrégional de Conservation et de Restauration du Patrimoine” (CICRP) has confirmed the attraction of Stegobium paniceum (L.) (coleoptera: Anobiidae) for glue-paste adhesives, in particular, those made up from coarsely sifted wheat flour. In contrast, Venice turpentine, used as a plasticizer in glues seems to have a repulsive effect on the insect. In order to implement a preventive conservation strategy, the analysis of glue-paste using GC/MS has been undertaken both to characterize the various traditional recipes and to determine their potential to attract the insect. Six of the most traditional recipes were analyzed. Semi-quantitative analysis for protein has indicated significant and reliable ratios for each recipe. Moreover, the carbohydrate analysis shows a particular composition of monosaccharide for the two most attractive glues made up with coarsely sifted wheat flour. This suggests that the proportion of grain husk in the flour could be an important aspect of the adhesive’s attractive potential. Moreover, solid phase micro-extraction has identified volatile organic components given off by the most attractive flour.