The bronze disease is one of the most serious hazards of archaeological bronze artifact that can form green powdery rust on the local bronze surface in atmospheric environment, which emerged from incrusted rust, then spread, and eventually leads the archaeological bronze damaged. The formation of bronze disease has typical characteristics of occluded cavity corrosion. Chloride and dissolved oxygen are the main environmental factors that result in the electrochemical corrosion mechanism of disease formation. In this work, the method of simulated OCC (occluded cavity cell) was used to study chemical and electrochemical conditions of cavity growth, and probe into the regular pattern of some factors in the OCC interior electrolyte effect on the cavity growth, such as dissolved oxygen, pH value, immigration and concentration of chloride, etc. The test results proved that bronze anode corrosive current rose following with the chloride ion concentration increase in bulk solution. The higher chloride concentration was in aerated solution, the greater probability of pitting corrosion produced occurred. In the inner solution in which oxygen eliminated with nitrogen, pH value was 3.0 and concentration of chloride ion was 1mol/L, the corrosive potential of bronze moved more than 300mV toward negative, and the speed of cavity expanded was trinal at least as fast as that of induced period. The degree of immigration and richness of chloride ions in the bronze OCC increased with the time and current, reaching more than ten times. Resulted with chloride richened if only chloride ions existed in the media, the pitting corrosion may occur. In the bronze OCC interior solution containing chloride ions, pitting corrosion lead to the pH decrease, and its stable pH value was about 3.0~4.0. The acidification of inner solution in OCC accelerated the development of pitting. The mobility of chloride ions was in proportion with the electricity passed through bronze anode. When its interior wall was passivated again, the pitting would not develop further. To compare actual bronze powdery rust with the rusts produced by OCC and chemical corrosion, it was found by XRD that the crystal structures of artificial powdery rusts were similar to that of antiques, there were Cu2(OH)3Cl, CuCl2x3Cu(OH)2, CuO and Cu2O in every sample, but the proportions of these constituents in the rusts were different.