For the conservation treatment of the Central Asia mural painting which is to be exhibited in the new museum in Yongsan, we analyzed the pigments used in this mural paintings and examined to identify the species of straw in the wall. We also analyzed the species of the wood of the wooden protective frame and the material of the paper in it, in order to review the material and technique of the conservation treatment performed before the mural painting had been brought to the National Museum of Korea in 1916. The results were as follows: the black pigments of Bon4075 and Bon 4078 is carbon (C); the white pigment on the background is gypsum [Ca(SO)4(H2O)2]; the red pigment is lead oxide (Pb3O4) and hematite (Fe2O3) etc. The straw, which had been mixed into the wall to prevent the wall from cracking, was proved to be either wheat straw or oats straw. The wooden protective frame, which protects the mural painting now, was proved to be made of Salix, Populus, Cryptomeria japonica and pine. The paper discovered in the frame was proved to be made of the bark of a mulberry. -- MCI