Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) was used to systematically analyze the chemical compositions of the body and glaze of the 53 pieces porcelains made in the Yue kiln in the Shanglinhu area during the Tang Dynasty, Five Dynasties, and Northern and Southern Song Dynasties. The porcelain had a high content of SiO2 but had a low content in Al2O3, a feature characteristic of Southern porcelain wares, and there are some inclusions in body and glaze. All Yue porcelain glazes had a high amount of calcium during those dynasties. From Tang to Southern Song, the chemical composition of the porcelain body did not change significantly, but there were differences between the Tang porcelain glaze, the transparent Northern Song porcelain glaze and the opaque Southern Song porcelain glaze. Although there were appearance modifications in some Southern Song porcelain, the chemical composition suggested that the unique production technology of Yue kiln, which was significantly different from that in the Northern and Southern Guan kilns, had been maintained. The analysis also indicated that the EDXRF has the advantages of surface layer analysis, being non-destructive with a relatively short testing time and high accuracy. It is a good method for studying porcelains with thin glazes.