Gilt crowns unearthed from archaeological sites of ancient Kingdoms Silla and Kaya in Korean Peninsula were subjected to be studied by an electron Microscopic technique. Three pieces of gilt crowns (Silla 2, Kaya 1) were buried in resin, polished and pre- treated by a carbon evaporation method. A mapping method for microscopic images is applied to the present study using an electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray detector. An electron beam is irradiated on each sample surface in vacuum and generated characteristic X-rays are measured and calculated. Calculations are processed with a micro-computer and elemental distributions on the surfaces of samples can be observed as visually displayed spots in an electronic display. The analytical results of two pieces from Silla crown are: Cu 98per thousand and Pb 2per thousand for base metal and Au 91per thousand, Ag 4per thousand, Cu 5per thousand for gilt layer. Those of a piece of Kaya crown are: Cu 98per thousand and Pb 2per thousand for base metal and Au 76per thousand, Ag 6per thousand, Cu 18per thousand for gilt layer. Although the copper contents were probably overestimated, these two crowns could be considered manufacturing by nearly same manners. An amalgam gilding technique may be used to form gold layers, the depth of which can be measured as rather thin, because Hg can be detected on the layers. -- CAL