Methods of isolating organic components of paints in archaeological samples of painting and sculpture in Kara-tepe (USSR) monuments have been worked out. Preliminary tests and the infrared spectroscopy (IRS) analysis made it possible to refer them to the class of polysaccharides. The identification of polysaccharides isolated from the paints was done by the paper and liquid chromatography technique. Fruit tree gums were used for comparison. In spite of the obvious resemblance in the chromatograms of the samples, certain differences were found in them, caused by different composition of the samples under investigation.