A replica of the double wedge reflectoscope of Neusser Krames was constructed and used to determine the smoothness of varnished hardwood veneers, mainly oak and sapele (Entandrophragma cylindricum). The instrument readings were well correlated (inversely) with the coefficient of surface quality (evenness, or freedom from waviness). Observations made parallel to the annual rings agreed with those made on synthetic materials; observations made perpendicular to the annual rings showed a surface quality several times poorer than resulted from those made parallel to the rings. The perpendicular readings were correlated directly with the depth of surface irregularities on five hardwoods and inversely with gloss measured with a standard reflectoscope (but not with a photo-glossmeter ). Results suggest that doubleprism reflectoscope measurements in two directions can be used to determine surface waviness and roughness respectively. Both characteristics deteriorated with time after applying the coating. -- AATA