The use of microwaves as an alternative to fumigation for insect control on herbarium specimens has been suggested because it avoids many of the problems associated with fumigation. The author briefly addresses possible disadvantages such as reduced seed viability for some species and alteration of morphological structures. It is advised that records be kept indicating which specimens have been treated with microwaves until the effects of microwaves on plant material are better understood. Effects of microwaves on the macromolecular chemistry of plants is suggested as an area for future study.